The overlap of hematology, oncology, and nephrology has led to the creation of a field called Onconephrology. Cancer survivors are living longer and developing chronic kidney disease. Novel chemotherapy agents are nephrotoxic. The field of paraproteinemias is advancing, and MGUS is now been associated with kidney disease. Cancer centers around the world need a dedicated onconephrologists to take care of these patients. A recent AJKD Core Curriculum article by Cohen et al (freely available) addresses the key issues associated with Onco-nephrology. Test your knowledge on this fascinating field with the questions listed below.
Post prepared by Dr. Rimda Wanchoo, Assistant Professor of Medicine, Hofstra NSLIJ School of Medicine and Dr. Kenar D. Jhaveri, AJKD Blog Editor. For a PDF version of the questions & answers, please click here.
1. Hypomagnesemia from urinary magnesium loss is seen with all of the following medications EXCEPT:
2. What are the lab parameters seen with tumor-induced osteomalacia?
High FGF-23, low 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, low serum phosphorus, normal serum calcium
Correct! Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome characterized by elevated phosphatonins (FGF-23), renal phosphate wasting, hypophosphatemia, and abnormal vitamin D metabolism. It is usually seen in benign mesenchymal tumors and head and neck cancers. FGF-23 is an important hormone synthesized by osteocytes and osteoblasts. It is still an enigma as to how FGF-23 down-regulates renal phosphate re-absorption, but it likely occurs in the proximal tubule. FGF-23 also inhibits calcitriol synthesis in the kidney, and stimulates the catabolism of active vitamin D sterols. This way, FGF-23 also indirectly decreases intestinal absorption of phosphate. In addition, it also decreases intestinal sodium phosphate transporters, leading to lower 1,25 vitamin D levels. The calcium levels are usually normal.
Low FGF-23, low 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, high serum phosphorus, normal serum calcium
Incorrect.
High FGF-23, high 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, low serum phosphorus, high serum calcium
Incorrect.
L
ow FGF-23, high 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, low serum phosphorus, low serum calcium Incorrect.
3. Which one of the following chemotherapeutic agents causes a capillary leak syndrome?
4. Which pure BRAF inhibitor is now associated with tubular toxicity in clinical practice?
Like this:
Like Loading...
Leave a Reply