In the December issue of the American Journal of Kidney Diseases, Dy et al discuss an association of central diabetes insipidus with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). Central diabetes insipidus is a condition that may be due to many other causes. The following questions will test your knowledge on central diabetes insipidus.

1. Which of the following is not a congenital cause of central diabetes insipidus?

 A. Wolfram syndrome

B. Septo-optic dysplasia

C. Posterior pituitary ectopia

D. Langerhans cell histiocytosis

2. Which of the following is not considered a treatment for central diabetes insipidus?

 A. Chlorthalidone

B. Chlorpropamide

C. Carbamazepine

D. Carbidopa

E. Indomethacin

3. All of the following can suppress anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) secretion leading to central diabetes insipidus except…

A. Anorexia nervosa

B. Sarcoidosis

C. Craniopharyngioma

D. Lung (small cell) cancer

E. Prolonged cardio-pulmonary arrest

4. Which of the following scenarios is most consistent with the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus?

 A. An increase in urine osmolality from 250 to 500 mOsmol/kg after an overnight water restriction in a patient on phenothiazone therapy, which changes minimally after desmopressin administration.

B. An increase in serum sodium from 138 to 149 mmol/L after overnight water restriction, with an AM urine specific gravity of <1.005 that rises to 1.030 after administration of desmopressin.

C. An increase in urine osmolality from 200 to 240 mOsmol/kg after administration of desmopressin in a patient on chronic lithium therapy with serum sodium level of 151 mmol/L.

Post prepared Dr Aditya Kadiyala, Nephrology Fellow from Hofstra NSLIJ School of Medicine, and Kenar D. Jhaveri, eAJKD blog editor.

To see answers, please click here.

To view the article abstract or full-text (subscription required), please visit AJKD.org.